Dale’s Cone of Experience
The Cone of Experience is a visual model meant to summarize Dale’s classification system for the varied types of mediated learning experiences.Please read carefully – as all is not as it first seem Dales Cone of Experiences
The original labels for Dale’s ten categories in the Cone of Experience were:
1.
Direct, Purposeful
Experiences
2.
Contrived
Experiences
3.
Dramatic
Participation
4.
Demonstrations
5.
Field Trips
6.
Exhibits
7.
Motion Pictures
8.
Radio, Recordings, Still
Pictures
9.
Visual Symbols
and
10. Verbal Symbols
When Dale researched learning and teaching
methods he found that much of what we found to be true of direct and indirect
(and of concrete and abstract) experience could be summarized in a pyramid or
‘pictorial device’ Dales called ‘the Cone of Experience’. In his book ‘Audio
visual methods in teaching’ – 1957, he stated that the cone was not offered as
a perfect or mechanically flawless picture to be taken absolutely literally. It
was merely designed as a visual aid to help explain the interrelationships of
the various types of audio-visual materials, as well as their individual
‘positions’ in the learning process.Dale points out that it would be a dangerous mistake to regard the bands on the cone as rigid, inflexible divisions.
He said “The cone device is a visual metaphor of learning experiences, in which the various types of audio-visual materials are arranged in the order of increasing abstractness as one proceeds from direct experiences”
People Remember
It is said that people remember:- 10% of what they read
- 20% of what they hear
- 30% of what they see
- 50% of what they see and hear
- 70% of what they write and say
- 90% of what they say as they do
